2023职称英语考试卫生类真题与答案,菁选2篇（范文推荐）

职称英语考试卫生类真题与答案1　　USSignsGlobalTobaccoTreaty　　1TheUnitedStateshastakenthefirststeptowardapprovingagl下面是小编为大家整理的2023职称英语考试卫生类真题与答案,菁选2篇（范文推荐）,供大家参考。

职称英语考试卫生类真题与答案1

　　US Signs GlobalTobacco Treaty

　　1 The UnitedStates has taken the first step toward approving a global tobacco treaty thatpromises to help control the deadly effects of tobacco use throughout theworld. Health and Human Services Secretary Tommy Thompson signed the FrameworkConvention on Tobacco Control (FCTC) this week at the United Nations. (46)_____

　　2 The FCTC wasdeveloped by the World Health Organization and approved by members of the WorldHealth Assembly，including the United States, last year.(47)_____

　　3 For instance,cigarettes sold in those countries would have to have health warnings on atleast 30% of the front and back of every pack. (48)_____It also requires banson tobacco advertising, though there are some exceptions for countries like theUnited States, where the Constitution prohibits such an outright ban.

　　4 (49)_____ TheWorld Health Organization estimates that tobacco use kills nearly 5 millionpeople worldwide every year. In the US alone, about 440,000 people die eachyear from tobacco-related illnesses; about one-third of all cancers in the USare caused by tobacco use. If current trends continue, WHO estimates, by 2025tobacco will kill 10 million people each year.

　　5 The treaty mustbe ratified by at least 40 countries before it can take effect. (50)_____

　　A. Tobacco stocksalso perked up as investors discounted fears of litigation(诉讼) from the US.

　　B. So far, 109countries have signed it, and 12 have ratified it.

　　C. The impact ofthe treaty could be huge.

　　D. Countries thatratify it would be required to enact strict tobacco control policies.

　　E. The treatycalls for higher tobacco taxes, restrictions on smoking in public places, andmore promotion of tobacco prevention and cessation programs.

　　F. The Senate muststill approve the treaty before the US can implement its provisions.

　　46——50：FDECB

职称英语考试卫生类真题与答案2

　　Deforestation and Desertification(沙漠化)

　　The Sahel zone lies between the Sahara desert and the fertilesavannahs(热带大草原)of northern Nigeria and South Sudan. The word sahel comes from Arabic and means marginal or transitional ,andthis is a good description of these semi-arid (半干旱)lands, whichoccupy much of the Western African countries of Mail, Mauritania, Niger, andChad.

　　Unfortunately, over the last century the Sahara desert has steadilycrept southwards eating into once productive Sahel lands. United Nationssurveys show that over 70 percent of the dry land in agriculture use in Africahas deteriorated over the last 30 years. Droughts have become more severe, themost recent lasting over twenty years in parts of the Sahel region. The sameprocess of desertification is taking place across southern Africa as theKalahari desert advances into Botswana and parts of South Africa

　　One of the major causes of this desert advance is poor agriculturalland use, driven by the pressures of increasing population. Overgrazing 一 keeping toomany farm animals on the land一 means that grasses and other plants cannot recover, and scarcewater supplies are exhausted. Overcultivation 一 trying to grow toomany crops on poor land 一 results in the soil becoming even less fertile and drier, andbeginning to break up. Soil erosion (侵蚀) follows, and theland turns into desert.

　　Another cause of desertification is loss of tree cover. Trees arecut down for use as fuel and to clear land for agricultural use. Tree rootshelp to bind the soil together, to conserve moisture, and to provide a habitatfor other plants and animals. When trees are cut down, the soil begins to dryand loosen, wind and rain erosion increase, other plant species die, andeventually the fertile topsoil may be almost entirely lost, leaving only barerock and dust.

　　The effects of loss of topsoil and increased drought are irreversible.They are, however, preventable. Careful conservation of tree cover andsustainable agricultural land use have been shown to halt deterioration ofsoils and lessen the effects of shortage of rainfall. One project in Kita insouth-west Mali funded by UNDP has involved local communities in sustainablemanagement of forest, while at the same time providing a viable(有活力的)agriculturaleconomy. This may be a model for similar projects in other West Africancountries.

　　36.The Sahel zone is anarea which ___.

　　A.is covered with sad and grass

　　B. has a long history

　　C. occupies much of South Nigeria

　　D. belongs to Sudan

　　37. What is the situation about thedesertification in Africa?

　　A. The deserts are replaced with grasslands

　　B.The deserts are expanding

　　C. the deserts are moving northwards

　　D. the deserts are being deserted

　　38. The word “deteriorated ” in paragraph 2means ___.

　　A. deepened

　　B. suffered

　　C. slipped

　　D.worsened

　　39. What is the root cause ofdesertification?

　　A.poor farming

　　B. overpopulation

　　C. radical climate change

　　D. disappearance of rare plant species

　　40. In order to prevent desertification, theauthor proposes ___.

　　A. making good use of international aids

　　B.developing a sustainable agricultural economy

　　C. gaining international support

　　D. converting agricultural land into forest

　　答案：ABDAB

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